Color Blindness Is An Inherited Defect Of Vision, Resulting In A Person's Inability To Distinguish Between Specific Colors.partial Color Blindness Is More Common Than Total Color Blindness, In Which A Person Sees Everything As Shades Of Gray(grey). The Most Common Form Of Partialcolor Blindness Leads To Inability Todistinguish Between Red And Green And Rarely Between Blue And Yellow.color Blindness Is A Fairly Common Conditionwhich Occurs More In Men Than Women, But It Is Rarely A Serious Disadvantage To Those Affected.approximately One In 20 Men And One In 200 Women Are Affected .some Studies Suggest That About Eight Percent Of The World's Male Population And Less Than One Percent Of Female Population Are Affected .many People Are Unaware They Are Color Blind Until Their Eyes Have Been Tested .the Retina Compromises Two Types Of Photoreceptors , Rods And Cones. Although The Rods Are More Numerous, Some 120 Million, And Are More Sensitive Than The Cones, They Are Not How-ever, Sensitive To Color. Rods Are Responsible For Vision At Low Light Levels(scotopic Vision) And They Do Not Meditate Color Vision And Have A Low Spatial Acuity The Six Or Seven Million Cones That Provide The Eye's Color Sensitivity Are Much More Concentrated In The Central Yellow Spot Known As The Macula.being Active At Higher Light Levels (photopic Vision) Cones Are Capable Of Color Vision And Are Responsible For High Spatial Acuity. In Simple Terms It May Be Said That Cones Require Brighter Light To Function Than Rods.red ,green And Have Their Corresponding Wavelengths . Red Wavelengths Are Longest, Followed By Green Wavelengths (medium) And Blue Color Is Made Up Of Shorter Wavelengths .they Are Red , Blue And Green Cones Which Are Sensitive To Those Colors And Combinations Of Them. If The Cones Do Not Work Properly Or If There Is No Right Combination, The Brain Does Not Get The Right Message About The Colors You Are Seeing.the Visible Colors From Shortest To Longest Wavelength Are Violet, Blue , Green , Yellow , Orange And Red.the Visible Red Light Having A Wavelength Of About 650 Nanometers Is Responsible For The Presence Of Red Or Orange Color At Sunrise And Sunset, Because The Wavelengths Associated With These Colors Are Less Efficiently Scattered By The Atmosphere Than The Shorter Wavelength Colors Such As Blue Or Purple.the Visible Green Light Having A Wavelength Of About 510 Nm Makes The Grass Appear Green Because All The Colors In The Visible Part Of Spectrum Are Absorbed Into The Leaves Of The Grass Appears Greenthe Visible Blue Light Having A Wavelength Of About 475 Nm Are Scattered More Efficiently By The Molecules In The Atmosphere Which Cause The Sky To Appear Blue.people Who Are Born Blind Do Not See Images In Dreams, But Have Dreams Vivid Involving Their Other Senses Of Sound, Smell, Touch And Emotion.color Blindness Caused By A Disease Of The Retina Or Optic Nerve Is Progressive And Associated With A General Deterioration Of Vision, Unlike Inherited Variety Where The Ability To See Detail Is Unaffected And The Condition Never Worsen.it Is Tested With Ishihara Chart Normally Their Are Means Of Testing Colour Blindness. Please Share============== S.s.venkateshwar, Andaman And Nicobar Islands

The Aging Knee: Pathogenesis And Medical Management [paperback] Editorial Reviews As The Population Ages There Is An Increasing Concern Amongst The Population About The Aging Knee. Osteoarthritis As It Iscalled Affects Population Without Distinction Of Caste,creed,nationality And Gender. Understanding The Pathogenesis Of This Debilitating Disease Would Certainly Help In The Proper Management. Diagnosis Is Usually Never An Issue As It Can Be Diagnosed By The Cardinal Signs Of Chronic Pain, Stiffness, Crepitations And Varus Deformities. Radiologically One Finds Decrease In Joint Space, Osteophytes, Subchondral Sclerosis, Subchondral Cysts, Loose Bodies Amongst Others. Comprehensive Medical Research Globally Points Out To Various Newer Mechanisms In The Synthesis Of Pain In Oa Knee. The Treatment Options Are Very Many Ranging From Reassuance Till Complex Replacement Surgeries Which Are So Common These Days. A Comprehensive Discussion Of Various Pathogenesis Theories Are Discussed And Newer Concepts Of Medical Management Are Suggested Keeping The Patients Compliance As One Of The Important Parameters. These Deliberations Should Lead To Further Research In Various Conservative Management Options For This Debilitating Condition. About The Author Prof Gourishankar Patnaik Is A Trained Orthopedic And Spinal Surgeon From India. A Gold Medallist, He Was Untill Recently Professor And Hod Orthopedics At The Melaka Manipal Medical College, Malaysia. Philosophy, Religion And Languages Are His Other Interest. A Gifted Surgeon, His Research Interests Include Osteoarthritis And Spinal Cord Regeneration. Product Details Paperback: 72 Pagespublisher: Vdm Verlag Dr. Müller (june 17, 2010)language: Englishisbn-10: 3639268695isbn-13: 978-3639268690 Product Dimensions: 8.7 X 5.9 X 0.2 Inches Shipping Weight: 5.4 Ounces

Dear Friends And Colleagues I Am Honoured To Announce And Extend Heartfelt Welcome To You For Attending The 2nd International Conference On Interventional Pain Management And Fipp Review Course With Fluoroscopy Guided Cadaveric Workshop And Ultrasound Workshops To Be Held At The, All India Institute Of Medical Sciences, The Premier Medical Institute Of India From 24th To 26th August 2012. Wip-india Section Aims At Promoting The Practice And Opportunity To Exchange Ideas And Share The Knowledge Of Interventional Pain Management. Worldwide Eminent Experts Are Invited To Deliver Lectures Including Keynote Lectures Being Given By Prof P Prithvi Raj, Cincinati, Usa And Dr Charles A Gauci Leytonstone, London, Uk And Other Well-known Professors. By This Opportunity, We Invite You To Icipm 2012 From Which You Will Benefit A Lot. Moreover, We Are Sure You Will Be Impressed By The Scientific Programme Which Is Being Eloberatively Prepared By Section Chairman Dr Gautam Das And Organizing Chairperson Dr Sushma Bhatnagar. We Are Looking Forward To Seeing You In New Delhi In August 2012. For More Details Log On To Www.icipm2012.com Dr (maj) Pankaj N Surange Md, Fipp (hungary) Organizing Secretary, Icipm 2012 Secretary, World Institute Of Pain, India Section Interventional Pain And Spine Center New Delhi, India W:www.ipscindia.com P: +91-9871985514 Fax-011-45254530