Definition Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms including protein in the urine (more than 3.5 grams per day), low blood protein levels, high cholestrol levels, and swelling. The urine may also contain fat, which can be seen under the microscope.

Alternative Names

Nephritis

Causes, incidence, and risk factors

Nephrotic syndrome is caused by various disorders that damage the kidneys, particularly the basement membrane of the glomerulus. This immediately causes abnormal excretion of protein in the urine.

The most common cause in children is minimal change Disease, while membranous glomerulonephritis is the most common cause in adults.

This condition can also occur as a result of infection, use of certain drugs,caner, genetic disorders, immue disorders, or diseases that affect multiple body systems including diabetes, multiple myeloma, and amyloidosis.

It can accompany kidney disorders such as glomerulonephritis, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, and mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis.

Nephrotic syndrome can affect all age groups. In children, it is most common from age 2 to 6. This disorder occurs slightly more often in males than females.

Symptoms


Swelling (edema) Facial swelling
General Foamy appearance of the urine
Around the eyes Weight gain from fluid retention
Swollen adbomen Poor appetite
In the extremities, especially the feet
and ankles


High blood pressure


Signs and tests
Physical examination can detect some symptoms. Other symptoms and signs of causative disorders can also be found with examination.

Urinalysis reveals large amounts of urine protein. Fats are often also present in the urine.


Tests to rule out various causes may include the following:


Glucose tolerance test Hepatitis B and C antibodies
Antinuclear antibody VDRL serology
Rheumatoid factor Serum protein electrophoresis
Cryoglobulins Kidney bopsy
Complement levels

This disease may also alter the results of the following tests:


Urinary casts Serum iron
Triglyceride Cholesterol
Protein electrophoresis urine Albumin
Aconite N. When brought on by cold or sudden suppression of perspiration by sitting or lying on damp ground, followed by restlessness, thirst, headache and sudden suppression of urine.
Apis Mel. In acute cases of Bright's disease with thirstlessness. In dropsy; oedematous swellings of the face and extremities. Pain in the head, back and limbs and also in kidneys. Urination frequent but scanty. Urine heavily charged with albumin. Feeling of suffocation and breathing difficult. Puffiness with pitting on pressure. All symptoms are aggravated by heat and ameliorated by cold. Give in low potency in which it acts best.

Helleborus. Dropsy due to inflammation of kidney. Urine scanty and dark. Uraemia with unconsciousness : pupils dilated and insensible to light ; convulsions ; strong urinous odour from the body. Effusion occurring within the brain is guiding symptom.
Arsenic Alb. Covers all stages of Origin's disease but mostly indicated in later stages when watery diarrhoea sets in, with pale skin, waxen appearance. Urine loaded with casts and albumin. Thirst for small quantities of water at short intervals. Desire for warmth. Restlessness, puffiness of face, anguish, fear of death. Convulsions.
Cannahis Saliva, Stoppage of urinary duct by pus and mucus. Urine turbid, reddish. Emission drop by drop. Stiches and burning in urethra.
Kali Chlor. Violent nephritis with scanty dark albuminous urine containing casts.
Calcarea Sulpa. Anaemia, with progressive emaciation and debility. There is pus in urine. Burning during urination. Much distension of the abdomen. Catarrhal headaches.
Mercurius Cor. Indicated in large white kidney. Scanty and red urine with albumin and casts. Nephritis of pregnancy. Suppurative nephritis. Swelling of feet from fifth to seventh month of pregnancy.
Picric Acid, Hemoglobinuria. Urine contains much indican, granular cylinders and fatty degenerated epithelium. Inflammation of kidneys with profound weakness, dark, bloody, scanty urine. Nightly urging.
Phosphorus. Hemoglobinuria. Urine turbid brown with ied sediment and blood.
CantIiaris. Uracmic delusions with sense of persecution. Suppression of urine with restlessness, flushed face, sparkling eyes. Urge to pass urine but nothing is voided, there being no urine in the bladder. Dropsy after scarlet fever or diphtheria. Urination painful, only little drops passing at a time. The urine is scaldy and bloody.
Terebinth. In early stages of congestion of kidneys. Urine bloody with pain along the ureters and in the back.
Plumbum. Granular degeneration of kidneys, gouty kidney. Pale, bloated, heavy expression. Constipation. Alhuminuria. Kidney contracted.
Digitalis. Granular degeneration of the kidneys with palpitation of heart, slow pulse.
Benezoic Acid. Renal pains those are sharp and severe, radiating through the hack and even to chest. Urine dark and strongly ammoniacal. The odour is exceedingly penetrating. Nephritis accompanied with rheumatism is the guiding symptom.
Mercurius Cynat. Excellent remedy in the first and second stage. The urine is scanty, dark, loaded with albumin. Pain in the tubes of kidney.
A pocynum. Dropsical condition with scanty urine and thirst. There is no thirst in Apis with which this remedy is comparable. Indicated in coma and convulsions in nephritis of pregnancy.
Vesicaria. Nephralgia. Nervous pain in kidneys, dribbling. of urine with burning in urethra and irritable bladder. Passing urine about thirty times in the night. Gonorrhea, brick dust sediments in urine. It also cures polyuria. Passing too much urine. Painful urination, pus, albumin and bloody urine in dropsy.
Colchicum. Album in urine, which becomes black, scanty urine with dropsical swelling. Acute form of Bright's disease.
Solidago. Tenderness of kidneys to slightest touch with pain extending from kidnevs to abdomen, bladder and clown the limbs. Urine red, brown, scanty, thick, voided with difficulty, albuminous, mucus, phosphatic urine. Give IX or 3X.
Lycopodium. When red sand is passed with urine with nephritis and dropsy.
Nitric Acid. Kidnev disease associated with ear trouble such as yellowish-white discharge from the ear. Urine smelling likes that of a horse.
Arsenic Brom. When albuminuria is associated with diabetes. It should be given when Plumbum fails.
The treatment of kidney can be quite successful with Homeopathy, often in conjunction with allopathic medicine in advanced cases. In early stages, particularly with acute renal failure, albuminuria ,Early stage chronic failure Uretic stone in kidney, bladder, or in uretic we can remover with out surgery, the success rate is close to 60% with appropriate compliance by the patient.
Currently we have over 200 active kidney disease various cases under treatment and this number reflects in the results of positive progress we are able to observe. Over the last 10 years there have been more than 8000 Kidney disease cases that reflect long term follow up of those cured, 35 to40 %. Unfortunately, many people first approach for Homeopathic treatment to Dr Harshad Raval, MD [Homeopathy] when the Kidney disease has advanced to a great extent, has recurred, or they have exhausted all other conventional means of treatment. In spite of this late start, these patients are offered improved quality of life and better prognosis. Many families report the patients to be living quite comfortably and leading an active life.
Our results have been confirmed by conventional laboratory testing, scans and ultrasound as positive. Throughout this treatment we ask the patients to keep scheduled visits with Nephrologists to monitor the progress. All our results are verifiable in this way. The treatment involves taking a dose of the Homeopathic medicine daily. The remedies are prescribed individually after an extensive interview. For detailed specifics of the protocol, it is advisable to read the book.
The term Integrative Medicine refers to combining modern Western medicine with the best of complementary and alternative medicines. When Integrative and alternative Medicine is used Kidney disease treatment it is often intended to address the emotional, social, and spiritual aspects of health as well as the biological.
For the Kidney disease patients, Alternative and integrative treatments can be aimed at improving overall health, preventing adverse effects between supplements and conventional treatments, decreasing overall side effects of conventional therapy, preparing a patient for dialysis and Transplant surgery, and addressing the challenges of living chronic renal failure disease