BETTER CONTROL OF HIV OR CHRONIC INFECTION LIE HEPATITIS B / C , CANCER BY STIMULATING "T" LYMPHOCYTES IMMUNE SYSTEM

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A promising new combination immunotherapy has been found to enhance the body's ability to fight chronic viral infections and possibly cancer. Viruses that cause chronic infection, such as HIV and Hepatitis B and C, are able to persist in the body despite attack from T cells, the body's main line of defense against pathogens. They persist because, over time, our T cells weaken to the point of "T-cell exhaustion." To circumvent this process, the research team investigated two pathways that cause T cell production modifications sothat these T cells attack these pathogens and kill them and they cannot remain in our bdy .For hepatitis b vaccine they are work by stimulating productin of these immunity cells but for HCV or HIV or cancer cells such vaccine is not available so such therapy are being tried,
Ayale University team yielded two ways.The first pathway is triggered by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a lipid known to suppress the immune system's response to tumors. To explore the relationship between PGE2 and T cells, the research team studied mice with viral infections and observed that PGE2 levels increased, particularly during chronic infection. The enhanced PGE2 reduced both the number of T cells that attack the infected cells and their anti-viral functions.
The researchers next tested the combined effect of systemically reducing PGE2 while simultaneously blocking another pathway known as PD-1. In previous studies, PD-1 had also been shown to inhibit T cells. The researchers treated virus-infected mice lacking normal PGE2 production with anti-PD-1 antibodies, and observed that the combined blockade of PGE2 and PD-1 resulted in even greater increased T-cell function and enhanced viral control.
One important implication of the study is the potential use of celecoxib (Celebrex), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used to manage pain as adjunct therapy to treat patients with chronic infections and cancer. "By administering a medicine many of us take routinely, we could potentially augment the effects of PD-1 blockade, which is showing remarkable outcomes in cancer or treating chronic infection trials.