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Oct 03
72 percent of Indian youth have sex without protection
As many as 72 percent of sexually active young people in India have had sex with new partners without any protection, reported the Press Trust of India quoting an international survey as saying Monday.

At least 40 percent of the youth polled in India say they had problems accessing contraceptives when they needed, while 36 percent said they knew a close friend or family member who has had an unplanned pregnancy, said the report.

Also, nearly a one-third got wrong information about contraception from friends, according to the survey, which was conducted in April-May this year and focused on the issue of unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections by 11 international NGOs.

This was the third such survey, the people covered were in the age bracket 15-35.

Oct 01
Oral steroids presumably cause vitamin D deficiency
There's no doubt over the importance of vitamin D in our body. Stressing this point, scientists from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have revealed that individuals consuming oral steroids may be two folds likelier to have less vitamin D in their blood.

The analysis constituted more than 31,000 children and adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from the period 2001 to 2006. Nearly 1 percent of the group affirmed that they had taken oral steroids in the last 30 days. Around 11% of the self reported steroid users seemed to have severe vitamin D deficiency as compared to the 5% that did not take steroids.

"When doctors write that prescription for steroids and they're sending the patients for lab tests, they should also get the vitamin D level measured," specified study lead author Amy Skversky, M.D., M.S., assistant professor of pediatrics at Einstein and Montefiore Medical Center, the University Hospital for Einstein.

The severe vitamin D deficiency that is less than 10ng/ml, found in this study apparently leads to osteomalacia, muscle weakness, and rickets. Though debatable, 20 to 50ng/ml of vitamin D is usually regarded sufficient for bone health and wellness. The analysts believe that steroids boost proportions of a certain enzyme that makes the vitamin inactive.

The risk factor appeared to be considerably high for persons under 18 years of age and they faced a 14% risk of having acute vitamin D deficiency, unlike young non-steroid users. The investigators suggest that doctors should keep a check on the vitamin D levels of people who are on oral steroids.

The report namely 'Association of Glucocorticoid Use and Low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 2001-2006' is published in the The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.

Oct 01
Women smokers more likely to report chronic pain syndrome
A new study has found that women who smoke heavily may experience more chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Researchers at the University of Kentucky surveyed more than 6,000 Kentucky women over age 18 on their smoking habits and symptoms of chronic pain.

They found that women who smoke, or were former smokers, had a greater chance of reporting at least one chronic pain syndrome.

Syndromes included in the analysis were fibromyalgia, sciatica, chronic neck pain, chronic back pain, joint pain, chronic head pain, nerve problems, and pain all over the body.

Former smokers showed a 20 percent increase, occasional smokers showed a 68 percent increase, and in daily smokers the odds more than doubled (104 percent).

In addition, daily smoking was associated more strongly with chronic pain than older age, lower educational attainment, obesity, or living in an Appalachian county.

"This study shows a strong relationship between heavy smoking and chronic pain in women," said co-author Dr. David Mannino, a pulmonary physician in the UK College of Public Health.

"There's a definite connection, but the direction of it is uncertain," he added.

The findings have been published in the journal of Pain.

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